What Does a Cardiologist Do? From Diagnosis to Treatment

A cardiologist is a doctor who specialises in diagnosing and treating conditions that affect the heart and circulatory system. People often wonder what a cardiologist actually does and when they might need to see one.

Cardiologists assess symptoms such as chest pain, palpitations, breathlessness, dizziness, or fainting. They also manage long-term conditions including high blood pressure, heart rhythm disorders, coronary artery disease, and heart valve problems.

Most cardiologists have a subspecialty, for example many are “interventionists” or “interventional cardiologists, who traditionally carry out minor operations on the coronary arteries including angiography, angioplasty and stenting procedures. Cardiac electrophysiologists are another group of cardiologists who focus on management of heart rhythm disorders, pacemaker, defibrillator and ablation procedures.

During an initial consultation, a cardiologist will take a detailed medical history and perform an examination. Based on this, they may arrange tests such as ECGs, echocardiograms, heart monitors, or stress tests to better understand how the heart is functioning.

Once a diagnosis is made, cardiologists create personalised treatment plans. This may include lifestyle advice, medication, ongoing monitoring, or referral for procedures if required. Many patients are managed conservatively, with a focus on preventing future heart problems and improving quality of life.

Cardiologists also play a key role in reassurance. Many heart-related symptoms are worrying but turn out to be benign. A specialist assessment can provide clarity and peace of mind.

Seeing a cardiologist doesn’t always mean something serious is wrong—it often means getting expert advice early, which can make a significant difference to long-term heart health.